CN103639590B - A kind of thin metal blank radius of curvature method of adjustment based on hollow beam laser-impact and device - Google Patents
A kind of thin metal blank radius of curvature method of adjustment based on hollow beam laser-impact and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103639590B CN103639590B CN201310539716.4A CN201310539716A CN103639590B CN 103639590 B CN103639590 B CN 103639590B CN 201310539716 A CN201310539716 A CN 201310539716A CN 103639590 B CN103639590 B CN 103639590B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D1/00—Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling
- B21D1/06—Removing local distortions
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of thin metal blank radius of curvature method of adjustment based on hollow beam laser-impact and device, and the method is passed through using hollow beam as energy source, and the method for laser-impact adjustment bending plate material radius of curvature, belongs to technical field of laser processing.This device comprises laser instrument (4) and exports solid light beam (5), after beam shaping system (6), obtain hollow beam (7), hollow beam (7), through condenser lens (8), obtains ring focusing hot spot (9) and acts on bending plate material (10).Bending plate material (10), by its bending summit (11), is fixed in table plane (12).Laser beam is to incide on workpiece perpendicular to the direction of table plane (12), and the center of ring focusing hot spot (9) overlaps with bending summit (11).Act on the shock wave of bent plate both wings to the bending moment of bent plate applying centered by bending summit, cause laser-impact zone of action radius of curvature to become large, repeatedly effect can increase this region radius of curvature, gradually until smooth whole light sheet.The method and device are applicable to bent plate or part half-finished local smoothing or local bending curvature radius and adjust.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of laser processing, refer in particular to one hollow beam and produce loop laser shock wave, the method and apparatus of the bending thin metal blank radius of curvature of adjustment.
Background technology
Thin metal blank is one of common used material in engineer applied, and the smoothing of bending plate material or radius of curvature adjustment are also common manufacturing operations.Current conventional machinery formula method of adjustment.As roll smoothing progress, treat that smoothing light sheet is by straightener roll, realizes flattening sheet material.But roll smoothing progress is applicable to sheet material large area whole calibration, for needing the light sheet of local smoothing or needing the part semi-finished product of correction local radius of curvature, be then not suitable for very much.As everyone knows, the high-pressure machinery shock wave that light laser is induced at material surface, can cause workpiece local plastic deformation, can be used for changing bent plate local radius of curvature, and flexible.Smoothing or adjusting in the process of bending plate material radius of curvature in the past, the solid light beam laser-impact of most use.As shown in Figure 1, one end of splint fixation material, laser action is in other one end, and induction shock wave applies monolateral torsional moment to sheet material, changes the radius of curvature of sheet material.In addition, also can adopt the method for laser shot forming, its basic ideas are: laser-impact obtains certain Stress Field Distribution in light sheet, and the Stress Field Distribution of material internal can cause whole light sheet that macroscopical plastic deformation occurs, and then change the radius of curvature of material.Adopt monolateral laser-impact as shown in Figure 1 to change the method for bent plate radius of curvature, principle simple, intuitive, but the method require that workpiece one end is straight line or plane, is convenient to clamping, and monolateral impact, efficiency is relatively low.And in laser shot forming process, the factor affecting material internal stress field is various, influencing mechanism is complicated, and with regard to current theory and technology level, poor process control, is difficult to be applied to reality.
Summary of the invention
the object of the invention is to proposeusing hollow beam as laser-impact source, act on light sheet, change the method for its bending curvature radius.The method is specially adapted to the occasion needing local smoothing light sheet or change local bending curvature radius fast
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of device realizing the adjustment of thin metal blank radius of curvature, and this device can meet the needs of bent plate smoothing.
Method solution of the present invention is: a kind of thin metal blank radius of curvature method of adjustment based on hollow beam laser-impact, comprises the following steps:
1) bending plate material (10) is fixed on workbench (12) by bending summit (11);
2) on bending plate material (10), absorbed layer and restraint layer is applied in advance;
3) by beam shaping system (6), solid laser is adjusted to hollow beam;
4) described hollow beam produces focal beam spot by condenser lens, and described focal beam spot overlaps with the bending summit (11) on described bending plate material (10);
5) internal diameter and external diameter size that beam shaping system (6) changes hollow beam is adjusted;
6) step 4) is repeated until smoothing bending plate material (10).
Device solution of the present invention is: a kind of thin metal blank radius of curvature adjusting device based on hollow beam laser-impact, comprise laser instrument (4), beam shaping system (6), condenser lens (8), the solid laser (5) that described laser instrument (4) sends produces hollow beam (7) through beam shaping system (6), described hollow beam (7) is being fixed on upper generation ring focusing hot spot of the bending plate material (10) on workbench (12) (9) through condenser lens (8), described ring focusing hot spot (9) overlaps with the bending summit (11) on described bending plate material (10).
The internal diameter of described beam shaping system (6) adjustment hollow beam (7) and external diameter size.
Described beam shaping system (6) comprises being spaced and is arranged in order and coaxial the first convex lens (13), concavees lens (14), second convex lens (15), convex axial cone prism (16), recessed axial cone prism (17), described first convex lens (13), concavees lens (14), second convex lens (15), convex axial cone prism (16), arbitrary eyeglass of recessed axial cone prism (17) can move along axis.
Further, also comprise control system, described control system is connected with described beam shaping system (6), for controlling the internal diameter and the external diameter size that adjust hollow beam (7).
Described bending plate material (10) upper coating absorbed layer and restraint layer.
compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and effect:using hollow beam as laser-impact source, change bent plate radius of curvature, relative to traditional mechanical method of adjustment, automaticity is high, flexible better; Correct the method for light sheet shape relative to laser shot forming, more intuitively, controllability is better; Relative to the method for monolateral laser-impact, the method speed is faster, and efficiency is higher, less demanding to part original-shape.The method is particularly useful for bent plate or part half-finished local smoothing or radius of curvature and adjusts.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: monolateral laser-impact adjustment bending plate material radius of curvature principle schematic;
Fig. 2: hollow beam laser-impact adjustment bending plate material radius of curvature device schematic diagram, this figure doubles as Figure of abstract;
Fig. 3: a kind of topology example of beam shaping system 6;
1: fixture, 2: bent plate, 3: laser beam, 4: laser instrument, 5: solid light beam, 6: beam shaping system, 7: hollow beam, 8: condenser lens, 9: ring-shaped light spot, 10: bending plate material, 11: bending summit, 12: table plane, 13: the first convex lens, 14: concavees lens, 15: the second convex lens, 16: convex axial cone prism, 17: recessed axial cone prism.
detailed description of the invention:
Laser instrument 4 exports solid light beam 5, after beam shaping system 6, obtains hollow beam 7, and hollow beam 7, through condenser lens 8, obtains ring focusing hot spot 9 and acts on bending plate material 10.Bending plate material 10 is fixed in table plane 12 by its bending summit 11.Bending plate material 10 is fixed in table plane 12 by its bending summit 11, and any can realization can be adopted to rigidly fix mode, can for gripping mode.Light beam is to incide on workpiece perpendicular to the direction of table plane 12, and the center of ring focusing hot spot 9 overlaps with bending summit.Ring-shaped light spot produces annular shock wave at light sheet spatial induction, act on the both wings of bent plate, act on the shock wave of bent plate both wings to the bending moment of bent plate applying centered by bending summit, laser-impact region radius of curvature is caused to become large, hollow beam repeatedly acts on, this region radius of curvature can be increased gradually, until smooth whole light sheet.
Ring focusing hot spot 9 can realize can changing its internal-and external diameter size by the relative position in adjustment beam shaping system 6 between eyeglass, and the spatial distribution of annular shock wave and surge pressure size, can be adjusted by the internal-and external diameter changing ring-shaped light spot.Beam shaping system 6, can realize for any the optical mirror slip group solid light beam being transformed to hollow beam.
As shown in Figure 2, output wavelength is Nd
3+: YAG laser is as laser-impact source, and its pulse width is nanosecond order.Laser instrument can also be any short-pulse laser being suitable for laser shocking processing.Laser instrument exports solid light beam by after beam shaping system, converts hollow beam to, then through condenser lens 8, obtains and focus on ring-shaped light spot.Beam shaping system shown in Fig. 3 is by the first convex lens 13, concavees lens 14, the second convex lens 15, convex axial cone prism 16, the lens set that 5 eyeglasses such as recessed axial cone prism 17 grade are formed.
Ring-shaped light spot 9, at light sheet spatial induction shock wave, needs as conventional laser shocking processing, applies absorbed layer and restraint layer in advance at surface of the work.Absorbed layer does not damage by ablation for the energy absorption efficiency and protection surface of the work improving material surface.Restraint layer for providing the pressure peak of induced with laser shock wave, and extends the action time of shock wave at surface of the work.
Before laser shocking processing, spray pitch-dark or aluminium foil in advance as absorbed layer at surface of the work.By this workpiece by the fixture on workbench, be held on table plane 12.In impact process, at shock zone water spray curtain, as restraint layer.When workpiece is placed in the front appropriate location of condenser lens 8 focus, obtain the ring-shaped light spot of certain size at surface of the work, ring-shaped light spot is at surface of the work induction loop laser shock wave.Act on the shock wave of bent plate both wings to the bending moment of bent plate applying centered by bending summit, then laser-impact region radius of curvature becomes large.If desired smooth shock zone, hollow beam repeatedly acts on, then can increase this region radius of curvature gradually, until smooth whole light sheet.Relative position in adjustment beam shaping system between eyeglass can change the internal-and external diameter size focusing on ring-shaped light spot.Change the first convex lens 13, concavees lens 14, the relative position of the second convex lens 15, the size of ring-shaped light spot external diameter can be adjusted, change the relative position of convex axial cone prism 16 and recessed axial cone prism 17, the size of ring-shaped light spot internal diameter can be adjusted, thus, ring-shaped light spot internal-and external diameter size can be adjusted flexibly to meet different actual needs.
Claims (6)
1., based on a thin metal blank radius of curvature method of adjustment for hollow beam laser-impact, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) bending plate material (10) is fixed on workbench (12) by bending summit (11);
2) on bending plate material (10), absorbed layer and restraint layer is applied in advance;
3) Nd is adopted
3+: solid laser, as laser-impact source, is adjusted to hollow beam by beam shaping system (6) by YAG laser;
4) described hollow beam produces focal beam spot by condenser lens, and described focal beam spot overlaps with the bending summit (11) on described bending plate material (10);
5) internal diameter and external diameter size that beam shaping system (6) changes hollow beam is adjusted;
6) step 4 is repeated) until smoothing bending plate material (10).
2. the thin metal blank radius of curvature adjusting device based on hollow beam laser-impact, comprise laser instrument (4), beam shaping system (6), condenser lens (8), it is characterized in that, the solid laser (5) that described laser instrument (4) sends produces hollow beam (7) through beam shaping system (6), described hollow beam (7) is being fixed on upper generation ring focusing hot spot of the bending plate material (10) on workbench (12) (9) through condenser lens (8), described ring focusing hot spot (9) overlaps with the bending summit (11) on described bending plate material (10).
3. a kind of thin metal blank radius of curvature adjusting device based on hollow beam laser-impact according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the internal diameter of described beam shaping system (6) adjustment hollow beam (7) and external diameter size.
4. a kind of thin metal blank radius of curvature adjusting device based on hollow beam laser-impact according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described beam shaping system (6) comprises being spaced and is arranged in order and coaxial the first convex lens (13), concavees lens (14), second convex lens (15), convex axial cone prism (16), recessed axial cone prism (17), described first convex lens (13), concavees lens (14), second convex lens (15), convex axial cone prism (16), arbitrary eyeglass of recessed axial cone prism (17) can move along axis.
5. a kind of thin metal blank radius of curvature adjusting device based on hollow beam laser-impact according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, also comprise control system, described control system is connected with described beam shaping system (6), for controlling the internal diameter and the external diameter size that adjust hollow beam (7).
6. a kind of thin metal blank radius of curvature adjusting device based on hollow beam laser-impact according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described bending plate material (10) upper coating absorbed layer and restraint layer.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103862165B (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2015-08-19 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of metal laminate laser coordinates bending method |
| CN105458941B (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2018-02-06 | 广东长盈精密技术有限公司 | Metal works shaping methods |
| US20170177964A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Optical inspection system and optical inspection method thereof |
| CN106735939A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-05-31 | 常州特尔玛枪嘴有限公司 | A kind of laser cutting head of adjustable spot size |
| CN107180131B (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2020-10-16 | 广东工业大学 | Method for determining deformation curvature radius of multipoint laser shock peening thin-walled part |
| CN108559835B (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2020-02-21 | 江苏大学 | Device and method for laser processing of outer raceway of ball bearing |
| CN111151593B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-10-08 | 东莞市逸昊金属材料科技有限公司 | Shaping correction method and device |
| CN112192019B (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-06-04 | 深圳市韵腾激光科技有限公司 | Laser processing drilling system |
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| CN103071928A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-05-01 | 江苏大学 | Method for machining small hole in carbon fiber composite material by annular pulse laser |
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| US5256853A (en) * | 1991-07-31 | 1993-10-26 | Bausch & Lomb Incorporated | Method for shaping contact lens surfaces |
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| US4623776A (en) * | 1985-01-03 | 1986-11-18 | Dow Corning Corporation | Ring of light laser optics system |
| CN103071928A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-05-01 | 江苏大学 | Method for machining small hole in carbon fiber composite material by annular pulse laser |
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